Bacons Rebellion Essay -- essays research papers

Bacon's Rebellion "Where we do well know that all our causes will be impartially heard and equally justice administered to all men," as stated by, Nathaniel Bacon. 1 In 1676 an uprising known as Bacon's Rebellion occurred in Virginia. The immediate cause of this revolt was the dissension between the planters and the Indians. Because Sir William Berkeley, the Governor of Virginia had willingly denied support to the farmers, Bacon assumed leadership of an unauthorized expedition against the Indians. When Bacon learned that Governor Berkeley was rising a force against him, he turned away from the Indians to fight with Berkley. This had now become a serious problem for the governor. When news of this revolt had reached King Charles II, it alarmed him so that he dispatched eleven hundred troops to Virginia, recalled his governor, and appointed a commission to determine the causes of the dissatisfaction. Bacon's Rebellion is considered to be the most important event in the establishment of democracy in colonial America because the right to vote and social equality were denied to the farmers by the local government. The right to vote is a small but crucial part of the democracy. During the first half of the 17th century the farmers on the plantations in Virginia were not able to exercise their right to vote. The only people that were able to vote during this time were the wealthy men who owned land. Overall the colonists had not been treate...

Costco vs. Sam’s Club vs. Bj’s Wholesale Case Study

Section 3 – SWOT Analysis Costco vs. Sam’s Club & BJ’s Wholesale Strengths 1. Costco sells top-quality merchandise at prices consistently below what other wholesalers or retailers charge 2. Substantially lower operating and costs than most retailers because they purchase full truckloads of merchandise directly from manufacturers and display items on pallets or inexpensive shelving/kept extra inventory on high shelving directly on the sales floor rather than in central warehouses 3.Comparatively low costs for store decor and fixtures as well as labor costs since they are open fewer hours than conventional retailers, and therefore require fewer people to operate relative to the sales volume that a store generates 4. Costco caps the margins on brand-name merchandise at 14% and their private-label items at 15%, about 20% below comparable name-brand items Weaknesses 1. Memberships are more expensive ($50 vs. $35 at Sam’s and $45 at BJ’s) 2.Costco has few er stores in the United States and worldwide than Sam’s Club, making their name less known 3. Without revenues from membership fees, Costco’s profits would be miniscule due to its strategy of capping the margins on branded goods 4. Criticized for going all out to please customers at the expense of charging prices that would increase profits for shareholders Opportunities 1. Implement aisle markers, express checkout lanes, self-checkout lanes, and low-cost video-based sales aids as BJ’s does 2.Differentiate products in price categories – good, deluxe, and luxury (BJ’s method) 3. Begin accepting manufacturer’s coupons (BJ’s method) 4. Stock a broader product assortment to appeal to larger clientele Threats 1. BJ’s Wholesale Club locations are clustered in order to benefit from greater name recognition and maximize the efficiencies of management support, distribution, and marketing activities; therefore, it is harder for Costco to market itself in areas where BJ’s locations are predominant (especially New England, where it was started) 2.Extended store hours offered by Sam’s Club and BJ’s are hard to compete with 3. BJ’s uses one-day passes to introduce non-members to its club and in the spring/fall runs free trial membership promotions to draw new customer base – takes away from Costco’s 4. Detailed POS data enables BJ’s managers and buying staff to track changes in members’ buying behavior so they can target markets and keep customers loyal to their warehouse only

Philips Kotler Marketing Management Essay

Analyzing Consumer Markets Since marketing starts from the customer, it is of primary importance to understand the psyche of the customers and their buying motives. This chapter talks about the various behavioural patterns that govern the decision making process of a customer. A marketer needs to understand these factors affecting the customer’s purchase decisions so as to design an appropriate marketing strategy. Factors affecting Consumer Buying Behaviour 1. Cultural Factors a. Culture – Frames traditions, values, perceptions, preferences. E.g. Child learning from family & surroundings. b. Sub-culture – Provides more specific identification and socialization. Include nationalities, religions, racial groups and geographic regions. c. Social Class – Homogeneous and enduring divisions in a society which are hierarchically ordered. Members share similar tastes and behaviour. 2. Social Factors a. Reference Groups – Have direct or indirect influence on person’s attitude and behaviour. Primary groups: regular interaction, e.g. family, friends, neighbours. Secondary groups: religious, professional, trade union groups. Aspirational Groups: ones that a person hopes to join. Dissociative groups: whose values or behaviour and individual rejects. b. Family – Family of orientation: parents and siblings. Acquires orientation towards religion, politics and economics, sense of personal ambition, self worth and love. Family of procreation: spouse and children. More direct influence on buying behaviour. c. Roles and Status – Role consists of activities a person is expected to perform. Each role carries a status. Marketers must be aware of the status symbol of each product. Chapter 6 – Analyzing Consumer Markets 3. Personal Factors a. Age and Stage in the Life Cycle – Tastes are age related. Markets should also consider critical life events or transitions. b. Occupation and Economic Circumstances – Economic Circumstances like spendable income, savings, assets, debts, borrowing power etc affect consumption patterns. c. Personality and Self Concept – Personality, set of distinguishing characteristics that influence his/her buying behaviour. Consumers match brand personality with their ideal self concept instead of their actual self concept. d. Lifestyle and Values 4. Psychological Factors a. Motivation: Freud’s theory of id, ego and super ego; Maslow’s need hierarchy theory; Herzberg’s two factor model. b. Perception: Process by which we select, organize and interpret information inputs. In marketing, perceptions are more important than reality. c. Learning – Induces changes in behaviour arising from experience. Marketers can build demand by associating the product with positive drives. d. Memory – Short term and long term memory. Build brand knowledge and brand recall as node in memory. Problem Recogniton Information Search Evaluation of Alternatives Purchase Decision Postpurchase Behaviour The Buying Decision Process Problem Recognition – Customer recognises a need triggered by internal or external stimuli. Marketers need to identify circumstances that trigger needs. Information Search – Two levels of involvement – Heightened attention when person becomes more receptive to information about the product. At next level consumer may enter into active information search, looking for reading material, phoning friends etc. Evaluation of Alternatives – Factors influencing a particular choice over the other include attitudes, beliefs and expectancy value. Purchase Decision – Between purchase intention and purchase decision, 2 intervening factors come into play- Attitudes of others and Unanticipated situational factors. Marketers should understand that these factors provoke  risk and should provide information to reduce it. Post purchase Behaviour – Marketers must monitor postpurchase satisfaction, postpurchase actions, and postpurchase product uses. Chapter 6 – Analyzing Consumer Markets Trends Level of customer involvement Involvement Significant Insignificant Differences in Brands High Complex Buying Behaviour Low Variety Seeking Dissonance Reducing Habitual 1. Complex Buying Behaviour: When a customer purchases something for the first time. 2. Variety Seeking: Consumers will keep switching varieties just out of boredom. Eg- Biscuits. Marketer should keep introducing new products and display the product prominently. 3. Habitual: Buying the same thing out of habit and not out of loyalty. Distribution network should be excellent in this case. Maintain consistency in product and advertising. 4. Dissonance Reducing: In case of repeat purchase of same product.

Gender and Theology Essays

Gender and Theology Essays Gender and Theology Essay Gender and Theology Essay Gender Theology Name: Institution: Gender Theology : 1. Traditional complimentarian views on marriage are biblical. Such roles gain emphasis with respect to the roles designated to both men and women especially in the Creation Account. The Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood points out that the establishment of Adam’s headship gained verification even before the Fall (van Leeuwen, 2013). Such views also receive depiction in the roles that women played without mention including Sarah, Rebekkah and Hagar who demonstrated the submissive responsibilities of women in the Bible. 2. To an extent, traditional Christian perspectives on marital roles are indeed problematic. The contention arises from the roles assigned to both man and woman in the Creation Account as well as Jesus and Paul’s directives within the New Testament (Sparks, 2012). Traditionalists see the husband as the head and the wife as being submissive, while egalitarians argue that the Creation Account does not define the role of the woman as a submissive role but rather grants equal partnership (George, 2009). 3. Abandoning conventional marital roles diminishes the unity embodied when both man and woman unite to become one. As directed by Jesus, even though the husband embodies male headship, he is to love his wife as Christ loves the church. When the roles are overturned, the consequences arising affect the social and marital lives of the partners and society as a whole. Straying from such norms only leads to an abandonment of the practices common to marriage and various social problems especially divorce, rebellion and neglect of the family. 4. Rubio is neither egalitarian nor complimentarian, as she underlines the problems of marriage from both perspectives. Rubio focuses on the observance of the conventional marital views, and the advocates for equality in marriage in order to facilitate discipleship among families in and out of the church (Rubio, 2003). On a personal assessment, Rubio only focuses on the development of the family irrespective of complimentarian and egalitarian views. 5. Rubio’s emphasis on children and parenting focuses mainly on the family. According to Rubio, conventional views on marriage suppress the working woman’s role in the family as a mother since such views sustain hierarchy in marriage (Rubio, 2003; Spencer, 2009). In summary of the contention surrounding complimentarism and egalitarianism, it is truly evident to ask this; is it necessary to inculcate feminist and patriarchal debates even within the Bible? References George, Janet. Still side by side: A concise explanation of Biblical equality. Minneapolis: Christians for Biblical Equality, 2009. Print. Rubio, Julie H. A Christian theology of marriage and family. New York: Paulist Press, 2003. Print. Sparks, K. L. Sacred word, broken word. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2013. Print. Spencer, Ai?da B. Marriage at the crossroads: Couples in conversation about discipleship, gender roles, decision-making, and intimacy. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2009. Print. van Leeuwen, M. S. (2004). Is equal regard in the Bible? In D. Blankenhorn, D.S. Browning M. S. van Leeuwen (Eds.), Does Christianity teach male headship? The equal-regard marriage and its critics (pp.13-22). Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.

Car Safety essays

Car Safety essays Car safety is something which is extremely important because the roads which we drive on are much more dangerous than we think. You might think you are a safe driver, and maybe you are, but how about other drivers? Each and everyday, hundreds of thousands of cars are on our roads making the chances of a car accident very likely. That is why car safety is so crucial. You might think such an important thing as car safety should be mandatory, well it is now, but 50 or so years ago, seat belts, airbags and front/rear crumple zones were not. Seatbelts were first thought of in the 1930s by US physicians and only in the 1950s did countries require newly built cars to have seatbelts fitted and finally in 1969, 3-point seat belts were mandatory in Australia. The reason why we have seat belts are simple. They keep us from hitting the interior of the car, flying head- first into the windscreen or even smashing through the windscreen in the event of car crash or if it comes to an instant stop. You might say wouldnt we stop as the car stops? Well, according to Newtons First Law of Motion, The Law of Inertia, thats not the case. Inertia is an objects tendency to keep on doing what it is doing/moving and at its speed unless an unbalance force acts against it. Newtons 1st Law emphasises that an object will persist in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force. Well the seatbelt is that unbalanced external force. Force is the product of the mass of an object and its acceleration (f=ma). The person(s) inside the vehicle has a mass and it is also travelling at a certain speed, thus they must also have a force. This is derived from Newtons 2nd Law of Motion. His second law is formulised through f=ma (force equals mass by acceleration), but force can also be formulised through f=mv-mu/t (force equals mass by final velocity mi...

Can Electronic Documents Be Used As Evidence International Law Essay

Can Electronic Documents Be Used As Evidence International Law Essay Disclaimer: This work has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work produced by our Law Essay Writing Service . You can view samples of our professional work here . Can Electronic Documents Be Used As Evidence International Law Essay I have noted that, there was a problem of accepting electronic document as primary evidence. But in the Written Laws (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act, 2007, Part IX accepted partly in criminal matters and in banking transactions, where now the major problem lays on its practicability, specifically on authentication of the electronic document to be applied as good as primary evidence in determining matters in issues. ABSTRACT Text books, electronic sources, legislations of different jurisdictions are very important in finding ways of solving challenges facing the admissibility of electronic evidence in Tanzania. They play a big role in finding accurate and proper ways and solutions faced in legal system. Evidence is information that tends to prove or disprove a fact or matter in issue , from which an inference may logically be drawn as to the existence of a fact. It consists of proof by testimony of witnesses on oath or by writing or records. Evidence is a crucial element in judiciary as it is used to determine matters of controversy in cases. .In determining controversy/ matter(s), judge(s) prefer direct evidence such as an official document or a witness’s assertion of his/her immediate knowledge of the question at issue. Cyber Law is the law which regulates cyberspace or internet transactions. It encompassing cases, statutes, regulations and disputes that affect people and business interaction through computers, and it addresses issues of online speech and business; also due to the nature of the medium it including intellectual property rights, free speech, privacy, e-commerce and safety, as well as questions of jurisdiction. The quick innovation of science and technology; resulted to lots of changes in the world, regional state, individual states and even directly to the individual person. People’s interactions mostly influenced by trading (commerce) education, political or gove rnments’ communication, socially and economically. The most current and fast way of such interaction is through Internet, computers, and wireless telephones. Most state laws have not been amended to accommodate such new relationship, on the point of evidence and jurisdiction. In Tanzania, regardless recognizing and using Internet and computers online in economic and business, like electronic banking for example ATM (Automatic Teller Machines) Tembo card cash point, our laws took long time to recognize Electronic Evidence as the best evidence or as primary evidence. This problem did not end only in the statutes but also in the case law where in most cases the court rejected secondary evidence. For example in the case of Shirin Rajabali Jessa v. Alipio Zorilla, where court, only accepted under a lot of restriction. Currently the Tanzania Law of Evidence Act was amended to accommodate Electronic Evidence. Primary evidence is the best evidence and mostly courts rely on it in givi ng out the decision. Being the best evidence it is also used in electronic cases (disputes) in one way or another but in many cases Electronic Evidence is found to be grouped in secondary evidence which has a lot of challenges toward its admissibility.

Deontology and Utilitarianism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Deontology and Utilitarianism - Essay Example Utilitarianism usually lays stress on cost-effectiveness or cost-benefit analyses. For instance, such analysis has been applied to the issue of whether animal experiments are to be permitted in the United Kingdom. The chief disadvantage associated with adopting such a narrow perspective that is solely focussed on the result leads to the acceptance of actions that cannot be justified morally (Purchase 309). Thus morally unacceptable actions may result from the application of this theory. Utilitarianism tends to diminish the responsibility of the individual to some extent, and it is also perceived to be exacting. In accordance with this theory, an individual before acting or taking a decision will assess the overall benefit that will accrue to him, and whether the happiness of all the involved parties will undergo a net increase. In other words, utilitarianism exhorts the people to benefit those whose need is greater, by sacrificing what they possess. This is obviously inconsistent with the past and present social traditions (Lawson 3). The absence of a distinction between superfluous and mandatory actions serves to devalue the individuals who adhere to the tenets of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is of two types, first, act utilitarianism and second, rule utilitarianism. In both these categories, the rightness or otherwise of an act is determined on the basis of the results. Moreover, in rule utilitarianism, the correctness of the rule is judged by the results obtained from the rule (Loewy and Loewy 36). Similarly, in act utilitarianism, the rightness of the act is established by the outcome of the act. The deontological theory requires people to discharge their duties faithfully, whilst examining a moral quandary.